I've got TONS of these... Some are probably a little too weird for this forum, so I'll keep it light...
The Super Saiyan God ritual has nothing to do with them being Saiyans, and I believe five good-hearted humans, with the ability to channel ki, could equally send all their positive ki into a sixth, in order to turn them into a "Super Human God", so to speak. Really, "Super Saiyan God" is only catchy because of the "Super Saiyan" moniker, so just "Human God" might work better?
Speaking of Super Saiyan God, I like to think that Super Saiyan God is a much stronger form than Super Saiyan Blue, and that Blue merely taps into that power that Goku can only reach through the ritual itself; I prefer to think that God forever sits at the top, the unattainable power that he held for one moment, but that left an imprint on him forever in the form of his permanent god ki. Ultra Instinct, I think, should be the only thing that either comes close, or maybe surpasses, that level. This obviously doesn't work in the manga version, but... Well, I haven't read much of the manga, so.

Uub and Pan are gonna kick ass some day, just you wait! GT be damned!
The Saiyans' heights increasing past adulthood stuff totally sits fine with me, because Vegeta's height increase is way too drastic to ignore like you might be able to with some other characters like Krillin, and the way Goku aged vs Gohan is very significantly different--
HOWEVER, I still maintain in my head that Bulma is
absolutely taller than Vegeta, regardless of how tall Vegeta grows.
Bulma will just get even taller.Future Trunks dyes his hair. He just dyes it! Big fan of hair dye. That's all.
It just helps me cope.Raditz is Vegeta's half-brother. Vegeta learned about this bastard child of his father, Gine's son, and refused to believe his father would be unfaithful to his mother. Until, that is, he saw the young Raditz fight, realizing for certain this was the king's blood, not that low-class weakling Bardock (
*cough*, Vegeta had some misplaced priorities). This is the only reason Vegeta took Raditz on as part of his team, since Nappa was his royal bodyguard and that was more or less out of his control as a child, but Raditz was, in an official sense, a low-class warrior... But Vegeta knew better. This is why the three of them--Vegeta, Nappa, and Raditz--were together offworld when Planet Vegeta was destroyed.
I also have this whole character premise about Vegeta
knowing about Frieza having destroyed Planet Vegeta from a very early age, but kind of having this stubborn, subconscious refusal to acknowledge it, and yet still having a deep-seated mistrust and hatred for him. Every single action he takes pretty much throughout his entire life from the moment he learns of the planet's destruction up until his death on Namek was in service of remaining valuable to Frieza in order to stay alive and stay close to him, until he some day found a way to kill him--up to and including his fight on Earth. If you think about the events of his battle on Earth, at a certain point there, the Dragon Balls are gone and the reason they came to Earth (immortality, in order to kill Frieza) gone with them, but having lost Raditz already, he knew he needed to prove to Frieza that he could at least take care of business and wipe out the planet that killed him. But then Nappa proves weaker than this low-class Saiyan that killed Raditz, so he kills him in a fit of rage-- and he's now lost both of his men, and I think he knows that if he goes back to Frieza without having claimed at
least either Earth or Goku's life, he's worthless to him and everything he's worked for is in shambles. And that's why as soon as he gets back to the Planet Trade Empire, he pretty much goes into action with Operation Take This Guy Out
immediately. Dodoria telling him the truth was only shocking to him because he had so deeply repressed the actual notion of
why he had such a deep suspicion and hatred of Frieza other than that he's worked under him with no freedom for the last 20+ years, and he convinces himself in that moment that he doesn't care about what happened to the Saiyans... But obviously, we know that isn't true, as his true feelings come out as he tearfully begs Goku to defeat Frieza later on. I think it's actually his first real moment of Saiyan Pride. It also explains why he pursues the Super Saiyan so relentlessly, believing it to be the sole key to defeating Frieza-- and why afterward, he becomes obsessed with it without any reason beyond power for power's sake. With everything else he's spent his life on being gone, he's aimless. When you've spent your life on revenge, and you failed to kill your enemy, what do you have now? Well, you've just gotta prove you're better than the guy who killed him!